Kibbles & Bytes Blog

  • Learning

    A lot of people have been curious about where I’ve learned so much about electricity and electronics. I’ve had very little formal schooling on the subject, so I thought it might be interesting to go over some of the resources I’ve used and things that have helped me learn. I think these subjects are a lot more accessible than people realize.

    When I was 10 or 11, my aunt got me an electronics project kit. I suspect these kits are still available, but I had mine for at least 8 years. They were basically a board made of plastic or cardboard with springs sticking out. The springs were connected to various components (resistors, LEDs, capacitors, etc, etc). This made it easy to bend the spring sideways and slide in a jumper wire. The kits came with booklets complete with all kinds of circuits. In my earlier years, my dad had to help me build them and show me how to follow the instructions. One of my favorite circuits was the electromagnetic radiation detector. This circuit used the tuner coil on the board and the tiny little earpiece. The tuner coil was placed in a circuit so that it would be sensitive to ambient electromagnetic radiation. This was fascinating to me because I learned that our CRT TV at the time output a lot of stray electromagnetic noise. It was quiet compared to the microwave though.

    Once I became more comfortable with how circuits worked and what various components did, I started to get myself in trouble at home by disassembling various electronics. Eventually I started finding scrap electronics instead of things that worked. I learned how to repair a few things. I remember repairing a flashlight I had that didn’t work anymore. I also remember disassembling a motor in a toy submarine I had and fixing it so that the brushes worked again. I think all of my tinkering had a lot to do with what I ended up learning, especially about the limits of various electronics.

    As I got older I was able to follow along in books and videos online. A few very basic courses in high school and college helped me to get a handle on some of the fundamentals, but school was never a big part of what I’ve learned about electricity. Some of the things that really helped me a lot were books designed for trade schools. I always found these books easiest to follow and most practical. Another great resource is old US Army instructional videos on youtube. Most of them are from the 1940s or 1950s and were designed to help teach people in the army how to do things. For having no special effects, simple graphics and all in black and white, these videos are incredibly instructive. Some companies, like General Electric, also made similar videos at the time. It was one of these videos that finally got through to me on how induction motors worked. The great thing is that what they talk about is fundamental and hasn’t really changed in the 60-70 years since the videos were made. Motors still generally work exactly the same way. I also found a youtube channel that was particularly helpful in demystifying some of the more complex digital and signals processing parts of electrical engineering. “**Jerri Ellsworth**”:https://www.youtube.com/user/jeriellsworth helped me understand a lot. Plus she had videos on fabricating a race car (another interest of mine).

    Beyond instructional things, I’ve found the best way to learn about this stuff is to just do it. I learned a ton from building my own solar power station. Everything from different battery chemistries to how to size wiring based on load. I think it helps a lot to break things down into individual pieces. An entire system might be complicated, but maybe you can just focus on what is required to calculate the correct fuse size or how DC breakers work. Eventually all of the little things add up. It’s important to me to show others that despite how daunting and complicated this subject might seem, most people will be able to figure it out. Plus, lifelong learning is awesome! Hopefully my articles are contributing to that for readers.

  • Unplugging?

    Over the last month or so I’ve begun spending a lot of time after work and on the weekends in a wifi and cell-free zone. There are countless studies about how valuable this is for us for multiple reasons. For myself and my family it’s awesome. We are campers with a seasonal set up at a local campground, we have many conveniences but phones and internet are not one of them.

    Having no cell phone coverage and no internet service doesn’t mean you have to give up some of your guilty pleasures while you’re still enjoying the great outdoors and time with friends and family. Traditional radios often don’t work where we camp because we are located in a bit of a hole so we’ve become very accustomed to utilizing offline playlists and bluetooth speakers around the campfire. One of our favorite little speakers around the camp is our “Outdoor Tech Turtle Shell”:http://www.smalldog.com/product/88743/outdoor-tech-turtle-shell-3-0-rugged-waterproof-wireless-boombox-red speaker and we’ve recently added a “Tivoli”:http://www.smalldog.com/product/88258/tivoli-audio-pal-bt-high-gloss-blue-white speaker to our collection. We’ve begun utilizing our Apple Music account so much that we’ve actually discontinued our satellite radio subscriptions in our cars. If you have the music in your pocket already why pay for it again? Well, that is a personal opinion but we’ve seen no drawbacks as a family downsizing to just one paid music service.

    Download and watch later! iTunes has let you download and watch offline movie rentals or purchased content for a while now and so has Amazon Prime. Some might not know that Netflix also made this an option back in November. With both Netflix and Amazon Prime you are limited a bit in the content that is available for download and viewing offline. I have found that about 50% of what I consider downloading to watch when I am out of wifi and cellular service to be an option. Just like with iTunes rentals, there is a time limit with each service for how long you have to watch the content before it’s removed from your device. I have loaded up several shows on my iPad, but admit I haven’t watch any yet. I still pick up a book rather than my device. When it comes to a good binge watching moment it’s nice to know I have options loaded up and ready for a rainy weekend at camp.

    What about charging all these devices for offline use? Good question. Many folks reading this might perhaps think my idea of camping is more “glamping” and you’re right! For those who might want to take advantage of a good show while riding out a rain storm in your tent or just want to listen to your favorite podcast while cooking on your camp stove there are countless products to allow you to keep your devices fully charged when you can’t just plug them into an outlet. “Goal Zero”:http://www.smalldog.com/category/?mmfg%5B0%5D=Goal+Zero has a wide variety of products to help keep your devices powered when you’re off the grid. Even though I do have access to power I still often carry a battery pack for my iPhone. You never know when you might end up without an available power source.

    While you’re enjoying this long holiday weekend, keep in mind that you don’t necessarily have to leave everything behind. While it’s a bit frustrating at times to not have access to the outside world it is nice to feel at least partially unplugged for a while.

  • Tracking your Health with HealthKit

    There were a number of articles this week and last that talked about how Apple is experimenting with a blood glucose monitoring system that is non-invasive and works with the Apple Watch. It even showed a picture of Tim Cook testing out this new technology. As a long time diabetic, I can tell you first-hand just how welcome this breakthrough technology would be. I am really tired of finger sticks, expired test strips and the hassle that just make my health care provider nag me to test. Just imagine if it was automatic!

    Well, I am really looking forward to that but in the meantime I have been experimenting with Apple’s Health App and find it to be pretty useful for a number of other health issues. To begin with, I set up my “Medical ID” which lists my medical conditions, medications that I take, my emergency contact and organ donation information. All this information is accessible from you iPhone by emergency personnel without needing your passcode.

    Speaking of blood glucose readings, my meter is the iHealth iGluco meter which uses the iPhone to record data and it dumps it right into the Health App where I can monitor my numbers or send them to my nurse practitioner. Yeah, I am a gadget guy so I also have a Bluetooth scale which records my weight and transmits to Health App and a Qardio blood pressure monitor. All these devices record data on my iPhone and it is available in the Health App.

    This is all very handy when you go in for medical care whether it is a check-up or some emergency. I had some time with docs and hospitals over the past month and I must have been asked 50 times for my list of medications and other information. It was great to have that all in one place on my iPhone. In some cases, I just handed my iPhone over so the information could be transferred to their systems.

    But one new compatible app that I have become enamored with is “SleepMatic”:https://itunes.apple.com/au/app/sleepmatic-auto-sleep-cycle/id1179236591?mt=8&ign-mpt=uo%3D2. There are some nights when I am just not getting sleep whether it is the dogs laying on my head or my head spinning with new ideas. I was complaining to my nurse practitioner about my lack of sleep and she suggested a sleep study of some sort. That was not of interest so I started investigating sleep trackers and found SleepMatic which you can download from the app store.

    p{text-align: center;}. !http://blog.smalldog.com/images/5091.jpg!

    The great thing about this app is that you do not have to do anything to set it up. Give it access to your Health App and wear your watch to bed and it automatically will track your sleep. It generates a report that lets you know how much you have slept, how long you had deep sleep, how long you had light sleep, how many times you woke up and how long you stayed awake. All this data is available from the app but also in your Health app.

    Your “Today” screen on your iPhone’s Health App will give you this data as well as your Activity monitor data and on mine I also get weight and blood glucose, too. We are adding more and more HealthKit compatible accessories to Small Dog Electronics’ product offerings. We now offer products by “Qardio”:http://www.smalldog.com/product/86560/qardio-qardioarm-blood-pressure-monitor-white and “Whitings”:http://www.smalldog.com/product/88548/withings-wireless-blood-pressure-monitor but will be adding more soon.

  • _Dear Friends,_

    I had a pleasant surprise this week as my internet provider, Green Mountain Access, informed me that they had upgraded the wiring in my neighborhood and I could move from DSL to cable modem access and from about 3Mbps to 50Mbps. With all the gear I have in my house the extra bandwidth will be great and I got spoiled with the fast internet in Key West.

    It is absolutely strange to this aging hippy back-to-the-lander that I am so dependent upon the internet. Grace always said she wanted a log cabin with one light bulb but now I have a big house with lights, locks, TV and phones all dependent upon broadband. Yeah, I can get all ancient and use switches, keys and landlines but where’s the fun in that!

    As we head into the Memorial Day weekend, it is important to remember this is not just a holiday that marks the unofficial start of summer. Memorial Day is celebrated to honor those who have made the ultimate sacrifice in defense of our freedom. While the parades and celebrations are tributes to the brave men and women who have fought to protect us from tyranny, a lasting and real commitment to peace is the highest honor we can pay to soldiers. In these dangerous times, it is more important than ever to honor those who are on duty right now sacrificing so that we can enjoy a free society. We may not all agree with the policies that have put our sons and daughters in harm’s way, but honoring their service, sacrifice, and commitment is the duty of all citizens.

    “We must be prepared to make heroic sacrifices for the cause of peace that we make ungrudgingly for the cause of war. There is no task that is more important or closer to my heart.” – Albert Einstein

    This week’s “**Kibbles & Bytes exclusive is the Kwikset Kevo Bluetooth lock.**”:http://www.smalldog.com/wag900002694? This is a great Father’s Day gift. It is a “touch-to-open” lock that works on Bluetooth. Once you set up the Kevo App on your phone or iPad you can open your door just by touching. Send e-keys to friends or temporary e-keys to workers. It is a great start for your home automation projects! This week exclusively for Kibbles & Bytes readers get a “**Kevo lock for $40 off at $159.99!**”:http://www.smalldog.com/wag900002694?

  • VPNs and You

    History books of the future will refer to the mid-90s to early 2000s as the golden age of the internet. Why do they…

  • !http://blog.smalldog.com/images/3036.gif!

    Have you heard the news? Small Dog Electronics is now an **Apple Premier Partner!** What does this mean for you, our valued customers? Being an Apple Premier Partners means we’re able to open up our service departments for additional repairs and that both Waitsfield and South Burlington can accept repairs. **Small Dog Electronics can now repair computers in Waitsfield and South Burlington.** Additionally we can now repair iPods, iPads, Beats Headphones, Apple TV and just about all the Apple accessories in both our Vermont retail locations.

    But that’s not all. Just in time for the Dad or Grad on your list we “**now carry the Apple Watch.**”:http://www.smalldog.com/category/Apple/Watch/Series_2 If you don’t see the watch you want on our website stop by our “retail stores”:http://www.smalldog.com/retail/visit-us-in-store-at-any-of-our-locations or call us at **1-800-511-6227.** If the Apple Watch isn’t a must have on your grad’s list we have a great computer bundle: buy any laptop with AppleCare and get a “FREE pair of BeatsX wireless headphones”:http://www.smalldog.com/wag900002669/congratulations-class-of-2017? or buy any Sonos speaker get a “FREE Lutron audio remote.”:http://www.smalldog.com/wag900002669/congratulations-class-of-2017

    We’ve got a lot to be excited about and thankful for this holiday weekend. If you get a chance “check out all of our deals”:http://www.smalldog.com/wag900002669/congratulations-class-of-2017 and don’t worry, these deals run through June 19th, 2017. Small Dog Electronics wishes everyone a fun, safe and enjoyable Memorial Day Weekend. On Monday May 29th our South Burlington location will be open from 9am to 5pm, Waitsfield is closed on Memorial Day.

    h3{text-align: center;}. **No need to interrupt your weekend BBQ! Memorial Day Weekend, e-mail exclusive bundle.**

    Get a 13in MacBook Pro configured with 8gb of RAM, 256GB hard drive
    two Sono’s Play 1 speakers, Applecare and
    BeatsX wireless headphones for
    **$2099.99**

    Lastly, please take a moment to check out the next event from our good friends at “Technology for Tomorrow.”:https://www.eventbrite.com/e/t4ts-summer-tech-talk-tickets-33840967244 Small Dog Electronics continues to be involved with this great organization and will be raffling off an iPad at their next event.

    “!http://blog.smalldog.com/images/5087.jpg!”:http://www.smalldog.com/wag900002669/congratulations-class-of-2017

  • So much to do! It is time to put in the garden but that motorcycle keeps calling me. The Sprite needs grease and tires but Gracie is playing softball. And then there are the black flies. Not house flies but for those of you not from the north country black flies are swarming little nasty biting insects that you need to wear a burka to avoid. I have found that smoking a cigar keeps them away for a bit but doing stuff outside becomes challenging. I think that once the frogs and birds mature for the spring the black flies are just food.

    This week we say goodbye and good luck to Will Frascella. Will has been with the company about as long as we have been around. He used to get off the school bus and come to work. He had done a lot of different things around here, most recently being product management and purchasing. He is moving on across Route 100 to our friends at Cabot Cheese. We will always be thankful for the hard work, positive energy and enthusiasm that he brought to the company and if he ever gets tired of boring cheese we’ve got a job for him!

    Thank you so much for reading this issue of Kibbles & Bytes!

    Your Kibbles & Bytes Team,

    Don, Emily & Hadley

  • Lightning Preparedness

    We’ve had two 90-degree days here at the office. There is contention about whether the heat is good or bad. I personally like it. I think riding a bike on a nice hot day is one of the best things ever, especially if you can jump in a river or lake afterwards. This hot weather hopefully signifies that summer is either here or quickly approaching, and that means that we should start experiencing thunderstorms soon. With that in mind, I thought I’d take some time to refresh you all on what lightning is as well as safety precautions for both you and your electronics.

    Lightning itself, the bright bolts you actually see, are discharges of static electricity. Technically speaking lightning itself has no temperature because lightning is moving electrical charges, which have no temperature. But flowing charges (also called current) can heat up the medium through which they travel. The more resistance, the more heating. Air is a poor conductor, so current flowing through it generates a lot of heat. The bolts you see are actually air being turned into plasma, and it is very hot. How hot? It’s actually hotter than the sun. The plasma can reach around 30,000 K or 53,000 F. The surface of the sun is “only” 6,000 K. In fact despite the high voltages and current involved with lightning, humans are most at risk from electrical burns. Death from electrical shock usually only occurs when the current through the body is between 0.1 and 0.2 amps. Lightning is going to generate far more current than that. These kinds of shocks aren’t generally fatal because the muscular contractions are so severe that the heart is forcibly clamped shut thereby protecting it from ventricular fibrillation (the mechanism that actually causes death from electricity). However, such current may result in severe burns.

    In terms of protecting yourself from lightning, the best thing to do is get indoors if at all possible. You may have heard that a car is also a safe place with respect to lightning. This is true, but there are some caveats. First, why is the car a safe place? If you took the average car, and stripped away all the plastics and materials, you’d basically see a metal shell. It’s this shell that ultimately protects you by acting as a Faraday cage. The current is absorbed and dissipated by the frame of the car. Sometimes, depending on conditions, the lightning will actually jump the rubber tires and go into the ground. This would make your car more like a grounded Faraday cage, but grounding isn’t necessary for it to work. Obviously a car isn’t a perfect Faraday cage, so precautions should still be taken to maximize your protection. You should stop the car, shut it off and roll up all the windows. You should then rest your hands on your lap and not touch anything else in the car.

    What about electronics and appliances? When I was a little kid, my dad had a police scanner and my mom got him a big external antenna for it. We mounted the antenna on the roof of our house, and I remember that we then drove a long rod into the ground and connected it to another rod atop the antenna. My dad explained it to me back then that this was so if lightning wanted to strike, it would hit the rod and be directed down into the ground safely, rather than into the house, or into his scanner equipment. We never got struck by lightning there, but I do remember helping him install it.

    You’ve likely seen lightning rods on any tall structure, but you’re less likely to have used or installed one yourself. For protection of home electronics, we often use lightning arresters, also called surge protectors. These simple but effective devices are very cool. They’re usually placed where wires enter a structure. Normally the relatively low voltage power flows from the wires outside to the inside through the arrester. There is a secondary channel in the arrester that has a very high resistance, so normal electricity won’t flow through it, but lighting will be high enough voltage to cause that channel to conduct. This channel is typically routed to ground. So the lightning, or surge, will come in on the wires, but then be redirected away from the sensitive equipment inside the structure. The difference between a lightning arrester and a lightning rod is that the rod is meant to absorb, or even attract, a direct strike. The arrester only deals with the high voltage once it has entered the power grid or telecommunication network.

    As always though, it’s important to remember that no protection mechanism is 100% failsafe. Especially when dealing with very high energy things like lightning, the strategy is generally deflect and redirect rather than suppress and neutralize. The only failsafe method to protect your electronics from lightning is to unplug them completely.

    Bonus tidbit: Now that you know a little bit more about the composition and nature of lightning, I can more easily explain what causes the thunder that follows. The current of the strike so instantaneously superheats the air into plasma that it expands explosively, causing the thunder we hear.

  • Some Philips Hue Lighting Tips

    I got back to Vermont and on my list was putting in some HomeKit gear for this house. I chose Philips Hue for lighting because I may want to take it with me to another location which is why Philips might be the choice for those that are renting or transient.

    Right now, the best bargain in Philips Hue is the starter kit that includes the hub and two white bulbs. Grace was laughing at me because I also bought some color lights, light strips and other cool Hue gear. But in this article I want to go over the initial set-up of a Hue system and how to group your lights.

    First step is to take the hub and connect it to your router. I have an Airport Extreme sitting on a shelf with a growing collection of hubs (Arlo, Kevo and now Philips). Fortunately, I haven’t filled up all the ethernet ports on the Airport Extreme so after running the power cable I just plugged in the ethernet cable to the Airport. The next step is to screw in the light bulbs. In this case, it took a couple of aging hippies to screw in a bulb.

    p{text-align: center;}. !http://blog.smalldog.com/images/5084.jpg!

    Once you have the bulbs in place make sure they are switched on. Next, download the Philips Hue app from the App Store. Once you have the app, you can have it search for the hub. Once it finds the hub you are set to go. Press the button on the hub and the app will find your newly installed bulbs. You are done and you can use the Hue app to control your lights but what you really want is the Apple Home App and Siri to control them.

    One thing to be careful about is naming. I started out naming my lights hallway for the hallway lights but Siri, HomeKit and Hue will be confused if you have two hallways or like me two houses with hallways so Grace and I spent a little time arguing about what the most appropriate name should be. For Siri or for Amazon Echo you want to make these names easily understood and usually one word.

    So your lights are now connected and you can dim them and turn them on and off with the Hue. Next, in the settings section of the Hue app activate HomeKit and Siri. This will allow the lights to be controlled by the Home app. Since I also have an Amazon Echo in my house, I also went to the Alexa app and had the Echo also discover the lights. Once this is done you have a lot of control over your automated lights. You can turn them on by asking Siri on your iOS device (or Alexa). If you have set up your Apple TV as a HomeKit hub you can turn the lights on and off remotely, too.

    You can also create scenes and automations. Things like having the lights come on at sunset or off at a certain time. You can also use geo-fencing so the lights come on when you arrive home and turn off when you leave. That works great if you live alone but is a bit annoying to your housemates otherwise.

    p{text-align: center;}. !http://blog.smalldog.com/images/5085.png!

    So, I put in five Hue colored lights in our living room which actually used to be the Small Dog offices before we outgrew it. It sort of got the name “west wing” because it was west and no relation to the White House. So, as I was adjusting these lights I found that it was a real pain to have to adjust the color of each light individually. I could tell Siri “Turn west wing lights to purple” and that would work but if I wanted to fine tune the colors I needed to group all the lights together so they act as one light. I could not find out how to do this. I googled, I downloaded 3rd party apps but I really wanted Siri to control them as one.

    So, I was up at our S. Burlington store and asked Erich to demo some Smart Home gear in our new Home Automation section. By the way, if you have not been into our S. Burlington store lately you should check out all the cool renovations that were done while I was in Florida. Anyway, as Erich was demoing he casually mentioned grouping. I said “whoa!” and had him show me. The googling was wrong, there IS actually a very easy way to group your Hue accessories if you are using HomeKit.

    p{text-align: center;}. !http://blog.smalldog.com/images/5086.png!

    To group your accessories you simply go to the home screen of HomeKit and press on one of the accessories, i.e. a light. That gives you the control screen for that accessory. You can dim and turn on and off and adjust color for colored lights. There is also a “details” button. Press that button and you have more options including naming the light, assigning it to a room, toggling whether it is included in HomeKit favorites and if you scroll down you can group it. Clicking on “Group with Other Accessories” button will allow you to choose which lights go together. You can then name that group and you are ready to go. Instead of five individual lights, I now have one button for all the west wing lights.

    I have a lot of fun setting up Hue lighting and it is very simple and very versatile but thanks to Erich for solving my grouping dilemma!

  • We Don't Need No Stinking Badges

    But stickers are sorta cool. iOS 10 brought stickers to Messages. With your iPhone or your iPad you can embed stickers in a…